Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors have become increasingly popular in a wide variety of applications due to their unique advantages. These systems offer {highefficiency, excellent mass transfer, and enhanced mixing capabilities. A key property of hollow fiber membrane bioreactors is their {largemembrane area to volume ratio, which supports high ce

Membrane Aerated Bioreactors (MABRs) are emerging as the complexities in modern wastewater treatment. This innovative technology utilize aerobic digestion to effectively break down organic matter from wastewater, resulting in a cleaner and more sustainable effluent discharge. Benefits include, they require reduced energy consumption compared to tr